雷达测量误差模型的容错检验算法

空间飞行器导航定位的精度及可靠性很大程度上取决于雷达误差修正模型准确与否。以脉冲雷达为研究对象,采用统计假设检验理论,对雷达测量数据有无野值等不同情形,分别建立了误差模型拟合优度F 检验与容错F-检验、模型分量显著性T-检验和容错T-检验算法,并且利用雷达跟踪飞行器的实测数据对算法进行了验证。结果显示,模型拟合优度检验与模型分量显著性检验等系列算法具有良好的容错性和适应性,可用于诊断雷达误差模型是否正确有效。     

面向进化容错的FPGA故障模型研究

不同的容错方法需采用不同的故障模型。文章分析了进化容错方法的特点,提出需要研究与之相适应的FPGA故障模型。首先从故障模型定义出发提出故障模型划分的思想,从不同的角度研究FPGA故障模型;然后根据基于SRAM的FPGA的结构特点,从功能角度和配置角度提出两种FPGA故障模型划分,分析了两种故障模型划分方法所适用的容错方法。从配置角度划分FPGA故障模型有利于简化进化容错方法中的故障检测环节。故障检测实验的结果说明这种划分方法是有效的。     

基于最大容差域的容差设计方法

提出了基于最大容差域的容差设计方法。首先,给出了最大容差域的定义,分析了其性质与特点;然后,针对电路设计,以容差域体积为评价指标,基于电子设计自动化（EDA）工具利用优化算法来求解最优容差设计方案;最后,通过对某放大电路进行容差设计,验证了方法的正确性。该方法适合在电路设计的早期开展,克服了现有的基于公差 成本函数的容差设计方法的片面性,能更有效地实现电路健壮性的设计要求。     

材料缺陷视觉检测及公差测量关键技术研究

在研究分析了竹板基材外形特点、表面缺陷特征的基础上,设计了竹板基材缺陷视觉检测及公差测量系统;根据双目视觉原理,经曲线曲率特征匹配方法,可计算得到光条上曲率绝对值最大值点的空间位置和深度;结合基材尺寸的公差测量方法,可实现基材宽度与厚度的测量;针对竹板基材纹理表面的复杂性,提出了基于小波分解与聚类思想的基材缺陷检测算法,实现了对基材缺陷的视觉检测:并用实验进行了验证.     

粉末冶金盘损伤容限的边界元分析

采用边界元法建立了裂纹扩展分析模型,对FGH95粉末高温合金标准紧凑拉伸(CT)试样的裂纹扩展试验结果进行了数值模拟,计算结果与试验吻合很好,表明分析方法的准确性及可行性.在对粉末高温合金缺陷数据分析的基础上,建立了粉末盘损伤容限边界元分析模型,对其裂纹扩展寿命进行了评估.研究表明:边界元法在损伤容限分析中的实现便捷可行,可应用于复杂构件裂纹扩展特性的工程分析,与传统预测方法相比,能够给出更为合理的寿命结果.      

基于电流阈值的开关磁阻电机位置估计容错分析

在基于双电流阈值的位置估计基础上,提出了一种考虑电流传感器故障和估计误差补偿的位置估计容错技术。通过双电流阈值与脉冲电流峰值比较估计位置检索脉冲信号,利用开关磁阻电机相与相之间的独立性,利用正常相的电磁信息间接估计传感器故障相的转子位置信号。通过仿真计算得到转速对位置估计误差的影响,并提出了位置误差补偿措施。在一台12/8结构样机中进行了相关试验,试验结果表明,所提方法提高了无位置传感器技术的容错性,验证了该算法的正确性和可行性。     

航空发动机限寿件表面特征概率损伤容限评估

为满足航空发动机适航规章(FAR/CCAR33.70)限寿件安全性评估要求,系统总结了基于特殊材料数据库、线弹性断裂力学分析与表面特征失效概率分析的表面特征概率损伤容限评估方法。以表面孔特征为例,总结分析符合适航规章要求的孔特征概率损伤容限评估流程,描述优化的孔特征评估方法,根据咨询通告AC33.70-2中带孔特征轮盘算例完成概率损伤容限评估模型的验证。结果表明:20 000循环寿命期内,不进行无损检测和在4 000及8 000循环对相互独立的90%部件进行两次无损检测的失效概率分别为2.677×10-4和1.514×10-4,符合适航算例校准要求。基于优化评估方法计算的失效概率为3.406×10-4,可初步判定表面特征适航符合性。该评估方法为限寿件表面孔特征评估提供技术支持,并对其他表面特征的评估具有一定的指导意义。      

Characteristics and mechanisms of turboshaft engine axial compressor casing containment

To investigate the containment characteristics and mechanisms of axial compressor blade and casing in turboshaft engine, experimental and simulation research is conducted on Titanium alloy axial compressor blades and stainless steel simulator casings in this paper. Experiments for four thicknesses (from 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm) of casings are presented on high-speed spin tester. Perforation, ricochet with and without failure of the casings are obtained in test results. Three obvious bulges or dishing region are observed, petaling failure occurs in the first bulge or the third deformation region. Parabolic and elongated dimples are observed at the fracture surface. Finite Element (FE) models with calibrated Johnson-Cook material behavior law are built and analyzed by using explicit dynamic software for a better understanding on the containment behavior. Good agreement is obtained between the experimental observations and numerical predictions. The evolution of the impact force, energy absorption, temperature increase and the cracks’ propagation are analyzed. Three force peaks occur in the impact process. Energy analysis reveals that penetration condition of ricochet with failure leads to most internal energy of the casing.     

A method of predicting visual detectability of low-velocity impact damage in composite structures based on logistic regression model

This paper proposed a new method for quantitative assessment of visual detectability of damage based on logistic regression, using the Probability of Detection (POD) as a criterion. Experiments were performed to establish the massive hit/miss data of visual inspection. Authoritative investigations verified the reliability of the data. The prediction function concluded comprises more than one flaw size parameters, including the depth and diameter of the dents. The results show that the depth and diameter of the dents are pivotal for the evaluation of detectability; the type of detection, the detection distance, and the qualifications of personnel are critical external factors to be considered. This function, with an accuracy rate of nearly 85%, is capable of predicting the visual detection probability of impact damage under various detection environments, which will provide a reference for the damage tolerance design of composite materials and field maintenance in the Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) field.